a state of complete lack of some abstract property; "spiritual bankruptcy"; "moral bankruptcy"; "intellectual bankruptcy" inability to discharge all your debts as they come due; "the company had to declare bankruptcy"; "fraudulent loans led to the failure of many banks" a legal process intended to insure equality among the creditors of a corporation declared to be insolvent Bankruptcy is a legally declared inability or impairment of ability of an individual or organization to pay their creditors. A declared state of bankruptcy can be requested or initiated by the bankrupt individual or organization, or it can be requested by creditors in an effort to recoup a portion of what they are owed. However, in the overwhelming majority of cases, the bankruptcy is initiated by the "bankrupt" individual or organization. The condition in which a business cannot meet its debt obligations and petitions a federal court either for reorganization of its debts or liquidation of its assets. (This action has a negative impact on a credit rating.) A person's legal declaration that he or she is legally insolvent. There are two types of bankruptcy: Involuntary Bankruptcy, where creditors or lenders file a petition against the debtor (person in debt), and Voluntary Bankruptcy, where the debtor files a petition claiming inability to meet creditors' requirements. A court decides whether or not a debtor can declare bankruptcy. Refers to statutes and judicial proceedings involving persons or businesses that cannot pay their debts and seek the assistance of the court in getting a fresh start. Under the protection of the bankruptcy court, debtors may be released from or "discharged" from their debts, perhaps by paying a portion of each debt. Bankruptcy judges preside over these proceedings. The person with the debts is called the debtor and the people or companies to whom the debtor owes money are called creditors. Proceedings under federal bankruptcy statutes to relieve a debtor (bankrupt) from insurmountable debt. The bankrupt's property is distributed by the court to the creditors as full satisfaction of the debts, in accordance with certain priorities and exemptions. Voluntary bankruptcy is petitioned by the debtor; involuntary by the creditors. A legal action in which a person who is unable to meet financial obligations is declared bankrupt by a decree of the court; under the Federal Bankruptcy Law this person’s property becomes liable to administration to satisfy creditors. A court proceeding in which a debtor who owes more than his assets can relieve the debts by transferring his assets to a trustee. A legal procedure in a federal court to relieve certain debts of a person or a business that is no longer able to pay its debts. Chapter 7 bankruptcy removes all debts. Chapter 13 lets a borrower with and income to pay bills off over a set period of time. a federal law Whereby a person's assets are turned over to a trustee and used to pay off outstanding debts; this usually occurs when someone owes more than they have the ability to repay. When a person is declared bankrupt, they are found to be legally insolvent and their property is distributed among their creditors or otherwise administered to satisfy the interests of creditors. Federal student loans, however, cannot normally be discharged through bankruptcy. A proceeding in a federal court in which a debtor who owes more than his or her assets can relieve the debts by transferring his or her assets to a trustee. A debtor that, upon voluntary petition or one invoked by the debtor's creditors, is judged legally insolvent. The debtor's remaining property is then administered for the creditors or is distributed among them. When a company is unable to pay debts, the ownership of the firm’s assets are transferred from the stockholders to the lien holders. By filing in federal bankruptcy court, an individual or individuals can restructure or relieve themselves of debts and liabilities. Bankruptcies are of various types, but the most common for an individual seem to be a "Chapter 7 No Asset" bankruptcy which relieves the borrower of most types of debts. A borrower cannot usually qualify for an "A" paper loan for a period of two years after the bankruptcy has been discharged and requires the re-establishment of an ability to repay debt. the legal process in which a person or firm declares inability to pay debts. Any available assets are liquidated and the proceeds are distributed to creditors. A person or firm may be declared bankrupt under one of several chapters of the federal bankruptcy code: Chapter 7, which covers liquidation of the doubter's assets; Chapter 11, which covers reorganization of bankrupt businesses; or Chapter 13, which covers work-outs of debts by individuals. ... A proceeding in US Bankruptcy Court that may legally release a person from repaying debts owed. Credit reports normally include bankruptcies for up to 10 years. A legal proceeding in US Federal Court, entered into by borrowers who are unable to pay their debts. In Chapter 13 bankruptcy, the borrower files a payment plan with the court and promises to make partial payments to creditors. In Chapter 7 bankruptcy, a trustee may sell the borrower's assets and use the proceeds to repay the creditors. Both types of bankruptcy stay on the borrower's credit history for up to 10 years. proceedings under the Bankruptcy Act whereby the property of an insolvent person is taken over by a receiver or a trustee for distribution among the bankrupt's creditors, and by which the bankrupt is relieved of the unpaid balance of liabilities. A legal procedure by which an insolvent debtor can be relieved of repayment of certain obligations. Bankruptcies remain on a credit rating for 7 to 10 years. This may become a problem in obtaining financing. The state of being unable to pay your debts such that you submit yourself to the protection of the state. A person or business may voluntarily assign himself into bankruptcy or may be petitioned into bankruptcy by his creditors. Once in bankruptcy, the person surrenders his assets to a trustee in bankruptcy who sells the assets for the benefit of the bankrupt's creditors, first secured creditors then unsecured creditors. ... State of insolvency of an individual or an organization — in other words, an inability to pay debts. The benefit in declaring bankruptcy is protection from creditors and the orderly and equitable settlement of obligations. A proceeding in US Federal Court that may legally release a person from repaying debts owed. The law contains several chapters which relate to different methods of relief: Chapter 7 - Straight Bankruptcy (total liquidation of assets) Chapter 11 - Business Reorganizations Chapter 12 - Farm Debt Bankruptcy Chapter 13 - Wage Earner Repayment Plan The federal court proceeding by which a debtor (individual or corporation) may obtain protection from creditors. The two general types of bankruptcy are voluntary and involuntary. A voluntary bankruptcy is initiated when the debtor voluntarily files a petition. In an involuntary bankruptcy, the creditor forces the debtor into bankruptcy. Debtors qualifying as farmers may not be involuntarily forced into bankruptcy. ... A legal proceeding in a federal court in which a debtor who owes more than the total of his or her assets can surrender those assets to the Bankruptcy Court, thereby being relieved of the future obligation to repay his or her unsecured debts; a Trustee in Bankruptcy administers the assets, selling them to pay as much of the debt as possible A special proceeding under federal, or in some instances state, laws by which the property of a debtor is protected by the court and may be divided among the debtor's creditors and the debtor. A proceeding where an insolvent debtor (person or corporation) can obtain relief from payment of certain obligations.